BI ArticlePrinciples of Justice
An examination of the many different meanings of justice: distributive, procedural, retributive, and restorative among others.
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Retrospective Reconciliation
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BI Article
Principles of Justice
An examination of the many different meanings of justice: distributive, procedural, retributive, and restorative among others.
BI Article
Elements of Reconciliation --- Part 1: Justice
Justice has many different meanings. If social justice is to be attained, we need to sit down together an negotiate which of the many meanings of justice we want to pursue--and how.
BI Article
Restorative Justice
Restorative justice is justice that is not designed to punish the wrong-doer, but rather to restore the victim and the relationship to the way they were before the offense. Thus, restorative justice requires an apology from the offender, restitution for the victim, and forgiveness of the offender by the victim.
BI Article
Retributive Justice
Retributive justice promises punishment or "retribution" for wrongdoing.
BI Article
Procedural Justice
Procedural justice describes approaches that define justice not by a fair outcome but by a fair process.
BI Article
Distributive Justice
When people believe that their situation is not equal to that of other people like them, they feel a sense of injustice. Distributive justice is the attempt to create a fair and equal division of society's wealth and status.
BI Article
What does "Justice" Mean?
A discussion of the four different types of justice that should be considered in the discussions of "racial justice" this summer.
BI Article
Disproportionality Trap and Counter Trap
A discussion of the delicate balancing act required to build support for addressing social problems AND the disproportionate impact of those problems.
BI Article
Ways to Advance Equal Justice in America
This article suggests steps BLM activists might take at the local, state, and national level in addition to protests to obtain justice.
Related Folders
High Stakes Distributional Issues
These are arguments about who gets what when it really matter and splitting "it" in half won't work. Who gets the land, the job, the elite college admission -- when failing to get it seriously harms one's life and long-term prospects for success and happiness.
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Fair and Equitable Distribution of Resources and Opportunities
Given the inequities that have plagued democratic societies in the past, it is critically important that today's democracies find fairer ways of distributing income, wealth, and status.
Related Folders
Retrospective Reconciliation
Unlike prospective reconciliation, which looks forward, retrospective reconciliation looks backwards, using a balanced strategy for coming to terms with past wrongs. Truth and reconciliation commissions, apologies, remediation, and forgiveness are usually aspects of retrospective reconciliation.
Colleague Activities
Fight the Return of the Old Normal: A Guidebook for Envisioning a Racially Just & Transformative Future
We can choose to live in the "old normal" of racial injustice and human exhaustion or we can imagine and design a "new normal" built around a vision for a better future.
Colleague Activities
Rethinking Systems Design for Racial Justice & Equity
Recordings of a Spring 2022 symposium held by the Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution and the Divided Community Project, with the Harvard Negotiation Program, and the Stanford Center for Conflict Resolution
Colleague Activities
When Transitional Justice Met Narrative Change Theory
An exploration of the similarities and differences between these two fields, and how, if combined, they can bring out the best of both for more meaningful change.
Colleague Activities
Horizons' Race and Democracy Resources
An essay on why racial justice and democracy must be pursued hand-in-hand and resources discussing how to do that.
Colleague Activities
Dr. King's Call to Justice: A Universal Beacon in Troubled Times
January 20, 2025 was the day President Trump was inaugurated as President in the U.S. and it was also the day we celebrated the life and ideas of Martin Luther King. This coincidence invites a reflection on King's enduring ideas.
BI Article
Types of Justice
Different spheres of society approach justice differently. This essay breaks justice down into four types: distributive, procedural, retributive, and restorative and explains the meaning of each.